Waste, 5. Recycling

Günter Fleischer

Günter Fleischer

Institut für Technischen Umweltschutz, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Search for more papers by this author
Fathi Habashi

Fathi Habashi

Department of Mining, Metallurgical, and Materials Engineering, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada

Search for more papers by this author
Georg Menges

Georg Menges

Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Aachen, Germany

Search for more papers by this author
Bernd Bilitewski

Bernd Bilitewski

Ingenieurgesellschaft für Technischen Umweltschutz, Dresden, Germany

Search for more papers by this author
Ulrich Loll

Ulrich Loll

Ingenieurbüro für Abwasser-, Abfall- und Aquatechnik, Darmstadt, Germany

Search for more papers by this author
First published: 15 October 2011
Citations: 2

Abstract

The article contains sections titled:

1.

Introduction

1.1.

General Aspects

1.2.

Forms of Recycling

1.3.

Prerequisites for and Limitations of Recycling

1.4.

Selection of Disposal Route

1.5.

Recycling Rates

2.

Plastics

2.1.

Introduction

2.2.

Mechanical Recycling

2.2.1.

Chemical Basis for Plastics Recycling

2.2.2.

Pure Wastes

2.2.3.

Mixed and Soiled Plastics Wastes

2.2.4.

Fiber Composites and Other Thermosets

2.2.5.

Outlook for Mixed Wastes in Blends

2.3.

Degradation to Molecular Constituents

2.3.1.

Biodegradable Plastics

2.3.2.

Chemical Recycling

2.3.2.1.

Chemical Degradation

2.3.2.2.

Thermal Degradation

2.4.

Combustion (Energy or Thermal Recycling)

2.4.1.

Combustion in Waste Incinerators

2.4.2.

Shredded Waste as Fuel for Sewage Sludge

2.4.3.

Combustion with Pure Oxygen

3.

Solvents

3.1.

Introduction

3.2.

Processing of Solvent Wastes

3.2.1.

General Aspects

3.2.2.

Mechanical Separation of Solids

3.2.3.

Treatment of Halogenated Solvents

3.2.4.

Treatment of Halogen-Free Solvents

4.

Paints

4.1.

Introduction

4.2.

Recycling of Paint Residues

4.2.1.

General Aspects

4.2.2.

Internal Paint Recycling

4.2.3.

External Paint Recycling

5.

Metals

5.1.

Introduction

5.2.

Production Waste Recycling

5.3.

Recycling during Product Use and Product Reconditioning

5.4.

Product Waste Recycling

5.4.1.

Product-Specific Recycling

5.4.1.1.

Automobiles

5.4.1.2.

Catalytic Converters

5.4.1.3.

Lead-Acid Batteries

5.4.1.4.

Dry-Cell Batteries

5.4.1.5.

Electronics Scrap; Circuit Boards

5.4.2.

Material-Specific Recycling

5.4.2.1.

Steel

5.4.2.2.

Aluminum

5.4.3.

Recycling of Material Wastes

5.5.

Recycling of Residues

6.

Sludges

6.1.

General

6.2.

Quantities of Sewage Sludge Treated

6.3.

Requirements for Sludge Recycling and Disposal

6.4.

Sewage Sludge Treatment Processes

6.5.

Unit Operations in Sewage Sludge Treatment

6.5.1.

Thickening and Dewatering

6.5.2.

Stabilization

6.5.3.

Disinfection

6.5.4.

Conditioning

6.5.5.

Drying

6.6.

Quantities of Other Sludges;Disposal Options

6.6.1.

Industrial Production Sludges

6.6.2.

Water Treatment Plant Sludges

6.6.3.

Dredging Sludges

6.6.4.

Sludges from Mining

The full text of this article hosted at iucr.org is unavailable due to technical difficulties.