Waste, 5. Recycling
Abstract
The article contains sections titled:
1. |
Introduction |
1.1. |
General Aspects |
1.2. |
Forms of Recycling |
1.3. |
Prerequisites for and Limitations of Recycling |
1.4. |
Selection of Disposal Route |
1.5. |
Recycling Rates |
2. |
Plastics |
2.1. |
Introduction |
2.2. |
Mechanical Recycling |
2.2.1. |
Chemical Basis for Plastics Recycling |
2.2.2. |
Pure Wastes |
2.2.3. |
Mixed and Soiled Plastics Wastes |
2.2.4. |
Fiber Composites and Other Thermosets |
2.2.5. |
Outlook for Mixed Wastes in Blends |
2.3. |
Degradation to Molecular Constituents |
2.3.1. |
Biodegradable Plastics |
2.3.2. |
Chemical Recycling |
2.3.2.1. |
Chemical Degradation |
2.3.2.2. |
Thermal Degradation |
2.4. |
Combustion (Energy or Thermal Recycling) |
2.4.1. |
Combustion in Waste Incinerators |
2.4.2. |
Shredded Waste as Fuel for Sewage Sludge |
2.4.3. |
Combustion with Pure Oxygen |
3. |
Solvents |
3.1. |
Introduction |
3.2. |
Processing of Solvent Wastes |
3.2.1. |
General Aspects |
3.2.2. |
Mechanical Separation of Solids |
3.2.3. |
Treatment of Halogenated Solvents |
3.2.4. |
Treatment of Halogen-Free Solvents |
4. |
Paints |
4.1. |
Introduction |
4.2. |
Recycling of Paint Residues |
4.2.1. |
General Aspects |
4.2.2. |
Internal Paint Recycling |
4.2.3. |
External Paint Recycling |
5. |
Metals |
5.1. |
Introduction |
5.2. |
Production Waste Recycling |
5.3. |
Recycling during Product Use and Product Reconditioning |
5.4. |
Product Waste Recycling |
5.4.1. |
Product-Specific Recycling |
5.4.1.1. |
Automobiles |
5.4.1.2. |
Catalytic Converters |
5.4.1.3. |
Lead-Acid Batteries |
5.4.1.4. |
Dry-Cell Batteries |
5.4.1.5. |
Electronics Scrap; Circuit Boards |
5.4.2. |
Material-Specific Recycling |
5.4.2.1. |
Steel |
5.4.2.2. |
Aluminum |
5.4.3. |
Recycling of Material Wastes |
5.5. |
Recycling of Residues |
6. |
Sludges |
6.1. |
General |
6.2. |
Quantities of Sewage Sludge Treated |
6.3. |
Requirements for Sludge Recycling and Disposal |
6.4. |
Sewage Sludge Treatment Processes |
6.5. |
Unit Operations in Sewage Sludge Treatment |
6.5.1. |
Thickening and Dewatering |
6.5.2. |
Stabilization |
6.5.3. |
Disinfection |
6.5.4. |
Conditioning |
6.5.5. |
Drying |
6.6. |
Quantities of Other Sludges;Disposal Options |
6.6.1. |
Industrial Production Sludges |
6.6.2. |
Water Treatment Plant Sludges |
6.6.3. |
Dredging Sludges |
6.6.4. |
Sludges from Mining |