Radionuclides, 4. Uses

1.	Industrial Applications of Radionuclides
1.1.	Introduction
1.2.	Radionuclides for Industrial Gamma Facilities
1.3.	Design of Gamma Equipment
1.4.	Irradiation Using Gamma Rays
1.5.	Uses of Irradiation
1.5.1.	Disinfection-Sterilization
1.5.2.	Modification of Polymers
1.6.	Wear Measurement with Radionuclides
1.7.	Other Industrial Applications of Radionuclides
2.	Uses in Hydrology
2.1.	Snow and Ice
2.2.	Transient Surface Water
2.3.	Lakes and Reservoirs
2.4.	Sediments in Hydrology
3.	Uses in Agriculture
4.	Uses in Environmental Studies
5.	Uses in Recombinant DNA Research
6.	Uses in Biochemistry

References

1 M.R. Cleland, G.M. Pagean, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. Phys. Res. B 24/25 (1987) 967–972.
10.1016/S0168-583X(87)80290-2
ADS Web of Science® Google Scholar
2 M.R. Cleland, C.C. Thompson, M. Strelczyk, D.P. Sloan, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 35 (1990) nos. 4–6, 632–637.
ADS Web of Science® Google Scholar
3 M.R. Cleland, F. Stichelbaut: “Radiation Processing With High-Energy X-Rays”, International Nuclear Atlantic Conference – INAC 2009, Sep. 27- Oct. 2, 2009, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Google Scholar
4 J.L. Williams, T.S. Dunn, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 14 (1979) nos. 1, 2, 185–201.
10.1016/0146-5724(79)90021-9
CAS ADS Web of Science® Google Scholar
5 P. Kunstadt, W. Gibson, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 35 (1990) nos. 4–6, 551–559.
ADS Web of Science® Google Scholar
6 A. Heger: Technologie der Strahlenchemie von Polymeren, Hanser Verlag, München 1990.
Google Scholar
7 F.M. De Meulemeester, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 35 (1990) nos. 4–6, 580–584.
ADS Google Scholar
8 S.N. Davis in: Isotope Techniques in the Study of the Hydrology of Fractured and Fissured Rocks, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1989, p. 1.
Google Scholar
9 H.G. Schrader, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 35 (1990) nos. 4–6, 569–571.
ADS Web of Science® Google Scholar
10 E.W. Beers: “Optimum Irradiator Design with Flexibility,” 4th Nordion Gamma Processing Seminar, Ottawa, May 26–31, 1991.
Google Scholar
11 H.G. Gay, B.K. Wilson, J.F. Swinwood, beta-gamma 1 (1988) no. 2, 21–27.
Google Scholar
12 G.R. Malkoske, W.H. Gibson, beta-gamma 2 (1990) no. 2, 21–24.
Google Scholar
13 V. Stenger, P. Hargittai, B. Kalman, M. Sztyevko, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 26 (1985) no. 5, 591–597.
10.1016/0146-5724(85)90217-1
CAS ADS Web of Science® Google Scholar
14 R.G. McKinnon, R. D. H. Chu, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 25 (1985) nos. 1–3, 141–154.
10.1016/0146-5724(85)90259-6
ADS Web of Science® Google Scholar
15 J. Cuda, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 25 (1985) nos. 1–3, 411–423.
10.1016/0146-5724(85)90289-4
ADS Web of Science® Google Scholar
16 J. Laizier, F. Erhart, R. Vuillemey, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 36 (1990) no. 5, 667–678.
CAS ADS Web of Science® Google Scholar
17 R.A. Harrod, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 9 (1977) nos. 1 –3, 91–117.
Web of Science® Google Scholar
18 E.W. Beers, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 35 (1990) nos. 4 –6, 539–546.
CAS ADS Web of Science® Google Scholar
19 Trends in Radiation Sterilisation of Health Care Products, Internati. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 2008.
Google Scholar
20 Guideline for Gamma Radiation Sterilization, AAMI ST 32-R-3/91, Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation, Arlington, March 1991.
Google Scholar
21 T. Kume, S. Todoriki, Radioisotopes 62 (2013) 291–299.
10.3769/radioisotopes.62.291
Google Scholar
22Wholesomeness of Irradiated Food, Report of a Joint FAO/IAEA/HO Expert Committee, Technical Report Series 659, World Health Organization, Geneva 1981.
Google Scholar
23A. Gervé “Radioisotopes” in Mechanical Engineering, Fourth United Nations International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, AED-Conf. 71–100–55, May 1971.
Google Scholar
24 A. Gervé, J. Schüßler “Isotopentechnik im Maschinenbau, Aktivierungsanalytische Spezialmethoden-Dünnschichtdifferenzverfahren,” FKM-Forschungsheft 6, Forschungskuratorium Maschinenbau e.V., Frankfurt 1970.
Google Scholar
25 B. Kehrwald “RNT-Radionuklid-Verschleißmeß-technik,” Lehrgang Nr. 09931/42.040, Verschleiß-messung an der Technischen Akademie Esslingen, 30. 11.–01. 12. 1987.
Google Scholar
26 A. Gervé, H. Kamm, G. Katzenmeier: Zur Deuteronenaktivierung von Maschinenteilen aus Stahl und Gußeisen, Forschungsbericht Heft 77, Forschungsvereinigung Verbrennungskraftmaschinen e.V., Frankfurt, 1968.
Google Scholar
27 A. Gervé, G. Schatz, “Applications of Cyclotrons in Technical and Analytical Studies,” 7. Intern. Confer. on Cyclotrons and their Applications, Zürich, Aug. 19–22, 1975.
Google Scholar
28 A. Gervé: “Die wichtigsten Verschleißmeßmethoden der Isotopentechnik,” Kerntech. Isotopentech. Chem. 14 (1972) no. 5, 204–209.
Web of Science® Google Scholar
29 A. Gervé, B. Kehrwald, W. Mach: “New Strategies for Analyzing and Optimizing Engine Components and Engine Testing Programmes in Applying the Continuous Wear Measurements Technology (Radionuclide Technology),” Congres International Méthodologic et moyens d'essais: Contribution à la conception du véhicule, Nov. 20–21, 1991, E.S.I.E.E. Paris Marne la Vallée.
Google Scholar
30 W. Bockelmann, A. Gervé, B. Kehrwald, O. Willenbockel: “Optimierung des Verschleißverhaltens am Ventiltrieb des Opel 3, 0 l/24 V-Motors,” MTZ 52, Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 1991.
Google Scholar
31 B. Kehrwald, A. Gervé: “Verschleißminderung durch Ionenimplantation, Ergebnisse aus Tribometerversuchen und Prüfstandsversuchen mit Diesel-Vollmotoren”, VDI-Ber. 852 (1991).
Google Scholar
32 W. Kaiser, MT Z. 34 (1973) no. 4.
Google Scholar
33 G. Katzenmeier, MT Z. 34 (1973) no. 6.
Google Scholar
34 J.S. Charlton, J.A. Heslop, P. Johnson in: Industrial Application of Radioisotopes and Radiation Technology, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1982, p. 393.
Google Scholar
35 G. Földiàk (ed.): Industrial Application of Radioisotopes, Elsevier, Amsterdam 1986.
Google Scholar
36 S.W. Smith in: Isotope Hydrology 1983, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1984, p. 834.
Google Scholar
37 M. Virtanen in: Isotope Hydrology 1983, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1984, p. 695.
Google Scholar
38 T. Dincer, T. Florkowski, S. Salamba in: Isotope Hydrology 1983, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1984, p. 681.
Google Scholar
39 M. Weiss et al. in: Isotope Hydrology 1983, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1984, p. 43.
Google Scholar
40 J. Molinari, J. Guizerix in: Isotopes in Hydrology, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1967, p. 653.
Google Scholar
41 E. Makowski in: Isotopes in Hydrology, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1967, p. 601.
Google Scholar
42 A. Owczarczyk, S. Szpilowski in: Isotope Hydrology 1983, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1984, p. 709.
Google Scholar
43 J.F. Easey, G.L. Hanna in: Isotope Techniques in Water Resources Development, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1987, p. 593.
Google Scholar
44 A.B. Muller, C.V. Haynes, Jr. in: Isotope Hydrology 1983, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1984, p. 843.
Google Scholar
45 E. Gaspar, Modern Trends in Tracer Hydrology, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., 1987.
Google Scholar
46 E. Gaspar, M. Oncescu, Radioactive Tracers in Hydrology, Elsevier, Amsterdam 1972.
Google Scholar
47 A. Tenu, F.D. Davidescu, A. Slavescu in: Isotope Techniques in Water Resources Development, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1987, p. 439.
Google Scholar
48 A. Tenu, F.D. Davidescu in: Isotope Hydrology 1983, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1984, p. 249.
Google Scholar
49 B.L. Campbell, B.W. Seatonberry in: Isotopes in Hydrology, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1967, p. 227.
Google Scholar
50 L. Gonzalez-Hita, M. B. Tienza in: Isotope Hydrology 1983, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1984, p. 753.
Google Scholar
51 F. Tola et al. in: Isotope Hydrology 1983, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1984, p. 663.
Google Scholar
52 M.I. Darmawijaya, W.H. Sisworo in: Isotopes and Radiation in Research on Soil-Plant Relationships, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1979, p. 97.
Google Scholar
53 T.J. D'Souza, K.B. Mistry in: Isotopes and Radiation in Research on Soil-Plant Relationships, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1979, p. 407.
Google Scholar
54 K.A. Malik, K. Haider in: Soild Organic Matter Studies, vol. 1, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1977, p. 215.
Google Scholar
55 F.F. Turenne, J.L. Repaire in: Isotopes and Radiation in Research on Soil-Plant Relationships, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1979, p. 333.
Google Scholar
56 W.C. McDuffie in: Radioisotopes in the Detection of Pesticide Residues, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1966, p. 3.
Google Scholar
57 R. Hirschberg in : R.R. Muccino (ed.): Synthesis and Applications of Isotopically Labeled Compounds 1985, Elsevier, Amsterdam 1986.
Google Scholar
58 M.A. Maxam, W. Gilbert, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74 (1974) 560.
10.1073/pnas.74.2.560
ADS Web of Science® Google Scholar
59 F. Sanger, S. Nicklen, A. Coulson, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74 (1977) 5463.
10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463
CAS ADS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
60 F. Sanger, Science (Washington D.C.) 214 (1981) 205.
10.1126/science.7302589
ADS Web of Science® Google Scholar
61 G.J. Sauvé, K.E. Lipson, S. Chen, R. Baserga, DNA Sequence 1 (1990) 13.
10.3109/10425179009041343
CAS PubMed Google Scholar
62 M.A. Kashdan, D.L. Ornstein in R.R. Muccino (ed.): Synthesis and Applications of Isotopically Labeled Compounds 1985, Elsevier, Amsterdam 1986, p. 183.
Google Scholar
63 A. Rosenthal et al., DNA Sequence 1 (1990) 63.
10.3109/10425179009041348
CAS PubMed Google Scholar
64 A.D. Hershey, M. Chase, J. Gen. Physiol. 36 (1952) 39.
10.1085/jgp.36.1.39
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
65 A. Kornberg: DNA Replication, W. H. Freeman, New York 1980.
Google Scholar
66 W. Sänger: Principles of Nucleic Acid Structure, Springer Verlag, Berlin 1984.
10.1007/978-1-4612-5190-3
Google Scholar
67 M. Nirenberg in: Nobel Lectures: Physiology or Medicine (1963–1970), American Elsevier, New York 1973, p. 372.
Google Scholar
68 H.G. Khorana in: Nobel Lectures: Physiology or Medicine (1963–1970), American Elsevier, New York 1973, p. 341.
Google Scholar
69 R. Kavenoff, L.C. Klotz, B.H. Zimm, Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 38 (1974) 4.
10.1101/SQB.1974.038.01.003
Google Scholar

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry

Browse other articles of this reference work:

Radionuclides, 4. Uses

View previous versions

Radionuclides, 4. Uses

Abstract

References

References

Information

About Wiley Online Library

Help & Support

Opportunities

Connect with Wiley

Radionuclides, 4. Uses

View previous versions

Radionuclides, 4. Uses

Abstract

References

References

Related

Information