Zeolites
Robert W. Broach,
Deng-Yang Jan,
David A. Lesch,
Santi Kulprathipanja,
Eckehart Roland, Peter Kleinschmit,
Robert W. Broach
UOP LLC, A Honeywell Company, Des Plaines, Illinois, United States, 60017
Search for more papers by this authorDeng-Yang Jan
UOP LLC, A Honeywell Company, Des Plaines, Illinois, United States, 60017
Search for more papers by this authorDavid A. Lesch
UOP LLC, A Honeywell Company, Des Plaines, Illinois, United States, 60017
Search for more papers by this authorSanti Kulprathipanja
UOP LLC, A Honeywell Company, Des Plaines, Illinois, United States, 60017
Search for more papers by this authorRobert W. Broach,
Deng-Yang Jan,
David A. Lesch,
Santi Kulprathipanja,
Eckehart Roland, Peter Kleinschmit,
Robert W. Broach
UOP LLC, A Honeywell Company, Des Plaines, Illinois, United States, 60017
Search for more papers by this authorDeng-Yang Jan
UOP LLC, A Honeywell Company, Des Plaines, Illinois, United States, 60017
Search for more papers by this authorDavid A. Lesch
UOP LLC, A Honeywell Company, Des Plaines, Illinois, United States, 60017
Search for more papers by this authorSanti Kulprathipanja
UOP LLC, A Honeywell Company, Des Plaines, Illinois, United States, 60017
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The article contains sections titled:
1. |
Introduction |
2. |
Nomenclature |
3. |
History |
4. |
Structure, Composition, and Properties |
4.1. |
Framework Structure |
4.2. |
Nonframework Cations |
4.3. |
Chemical and Physical Properties |
4.3.1. |
Physical Properties |
4.3.2. |
Chemical Properties |
5. |
Characterization |
6. |
Occurrence, Mining, and Processing of Natural Zeolites |
7. |
Production of Synthetic Zeolites |
7.1. |
Chemistry of Zeolite Synthesis |
7.2. |
Composition of Reaction Mixtures |
7.3. |
Raw Materials |
7.3.1. |
Synthesis Conditions |
7.3.2. |
Examples of Industrial Zeolite Syntheses |
7.3.3. |
Post Synthesis Treatments |
7.3.4. |
Environmental Aspects |
8. |
Commercial Applications and Importance |
8.1. |
Natural Zeolites |
8.2. |
Synthetic Zeolites |
8.2.1. |
Adsorption |
8.2.2. |
Membranes |
8.2.3. |
Catalysis |
8.2.4. |
Other Uses |
9. |
Toxicology |
Zeolites are hydrated aluminosilicates with a three-dimensional framework structure constructed of SiO4 and AlO4 tetrahedra linked through oxygen atoms. They contain regular channels or interlinked voids whose aperture diameters are in the micropore range. The regular nature of the channels and apertures, whose dimensions are of the same order of magnitude as molecular diameters, enables the zeolites to function as molecular sieves and gives them value as selective adsorbents for separating substances and as shape-selective catalysts. This article gives an overview of history, structure, properties, occurrence, production, and applications of zeolites.
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