Steel, 1. Introduction and History

Dieter Schauwinhold

Dieter Schauwinhold

Düsseldorf, Germany

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Manfred Toncourt

Manfred Toncourt

VDEh, Düsseldorf, Germany

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First published: 15 October 2011

Abstract

The article contains sections titled:

1.

Introduction

2.

History

2.1.

From Prehistoric Times to the Middle Ages

2.1.1.

Native Iron

2.1.2.

Iron from Ores

2.1.3.

Technology of Iron Production

2.2.

From the Middle Ages to the 1800s

2.2.1.

Bloomery Furnaces

2.2.2.

Blast Furnaces

2.2.3.

Metal Shaping

2.3.

The Industrial Age

2.3.1.

Pig Iron Production

2.3.2.

Steel Production

2.3.2.1.

Crucible Steel

2.3.2.2.

Puddled Steel

2.3.2.3.

Ingot Steel

2.3.3.

Rolled Steel Production

2.3.3.1.

Puddled Steel and Steam Power

2.3.3.2.

Ingot Steel and Mass Production

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