Fibers, 2. Structure

John W. S. Hearle

John W. S. Hearle

The University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester, UK

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Dirk Schawaller

Dirk Schawaller

Institut für Textilchemie und Chemiefasern (ITCF) der Deutschen Institute für Textil- und Faserforschung Denkendorf (DITF), Denkendorf, Germany

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First published: 15 October 2011
Citations: 1

Abstract

The article contains sections titled:

1.

Introduction

1.1.

Fibers as Industrial Chemical Structures

1.2.

Structural Types

1.3.

Development of Knowledge of Fiber Structure

2.

General Features of Major Textile Fibers

2.1.

Chemical Forms

2.2.

Polymer Characterization

2.3.

Other Chemical Constituents

2.4.

Fine Structure

2.4.1.

Characterization

2.4.2.

Models

2.4.3.

Unified Parametric Approach

2.4.4.

Relation to Fiber Properties

2.4.5.

Relation to Fiber Formation

2.4.6.

Structural Transitions

2.5.

Intermediate Structures

2.6.

Gross Inhomogeneities

2.7.

Fiber Shape

2.7.1.

Cross-Sectional Shape

2.7.2.

Axial Shape

3.

Particular Textile Fibers

3.1.

Cellulosic Fibers

3.1.1.

Chemistry

3.1.2.

Cotton

3.1.3.

Other Plant Fibers

3.1.4.

Rayon

3.1.5.

Acetate Fibers

3.2.

Protein Fibers

3.2.1.

Wool and Hair

3.2.2.

Silk

3.2.3.

Regenerated Protein Fibers

3.3.

Major Melt-Spun Fibers

3.3.1.

Chemistry

3.3.2.

Fine Structure

3.3.3.

PLA Fibers

3.4.

Acrylic Fibers

3.5.

Other Polymers

4.

High-Modulus, High-Tenacity Fibers

4.1.

Glass

4.2.

Highly Oriented Linear Polymers

4.2.1.

Aramid

4.2.2.

Polyethylene

4.2.3.

Other Polymers

4.3.

Carbon Fibers

4.4.

Ceramic and Other Inorganic Fibers

4.5.

Structure and Properties

5.

Other Fibers

5.1.

High-Toughness Fibers

5.2.

Elastomeric Fibers

5.3.

Thermally and Chemically Resistant Fibers

5.4.

Special-Purpose Fibers

5.5.

Nanofibers and Carbon Nanotubes

5.6.

Smart Fibers

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