Electrochemistry
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Electrochemistry, 2. Inorganic Electrochemical Processes
Hartmut Wendt, Helmut Vogt, Gerhard Kreysa, Hubert Goldacker, Klaus Jüttner, Ulrich Galla, Helmut Schmieder,
Electrochemistry
Hartmut Wendt, Helmut Vogt, Gerhard Kreysa, Dieter M. Kolb, Gerald E. Engelmann, Jörg C. Ziegler, Hubert Goldacker, Klaus Jüttner, Ulrich Galla, Helmut Schmieder, Eberhard Steckhan,
This version
Electrochemistry
Hartmut Wendt, Helmut Vogt, Gerhard Kreysa, Dieter M. Kolb, Gerald E. Engelmann, Jörg C. Ziegler, Hubert Goldacker, Klaus Jüttner, Ulrich Galla, Helmut Schmieder, Eberhard Steckhan,
Hartmut Wendt,
Helmut Vogt, Gerhard Kreysa, Dieter M. Kolb,
Gerald E. Engelmann,
Jörg C. Ziegler,
Hubert Goldacker,
Klaus Jüttner, Ulrich Galla,
Helmut Schmieder,
Eberhard Steckhan,
Hartmut Wendt
Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorDieter M. Kolb
Universität Ulm, Abteilung für Elektrochemie, Ulm, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorGerald E. Engelmann
Universität Ulm, Abteilung für Elektrochemie, Ulm, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorJörg C. Ziegler
Universität Ulm, Abteilung für Elektrochemie, Ulm, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorHubert Goldacker
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorUlrich Galla
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, ITC-CPV, Karlsruhe, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorHelmut Schmieder
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, ITC-CPV, Karlsruhe, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorEberhard Steckhan
Universität Bonn, Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie, Bonn, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorHartmut Wendt,
Helmut Vogt, Gerhard Kreysa, Dieter M. Kolb,
Gerald E. Engelmann,
Jörg C. Ziegler,
Hubert Goldacker,
Klaus Jüttner, Ulrich Galla,
Helmut Schmieder,
Eberhard Steckhan,
Hartmut Wendt
Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorDieter M. Kolb
Universität Ulm, Abteilung für Elektrochemie, Ulm, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorGerald E. Engelmann
Universität Ulm, Abteilung für Elektrochemie, Ulm, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorJörg C. Ziegler
Universität Ulm, Abteilung für Elektrochemie, Ulm, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorHubert Goldacker
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorUlrich Galla
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, ITC-CPV, Karlsruhe, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorHelmut Schmieder
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, ITC-CPV, Karlsruhe, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorEberhard Steckhan
Universität Bonn, Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie, Bonn, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 15 January 2008
Abstract
The article contains sections titled:
1. |
Introduction |
2. |
Basic Laws and Equations |
2.1. |
Electrode Kinetics |
2.2. |
Technical Electrocatalysis |
2.2.1. |
Principles of Electrocatalysis |
2.2.2. |
Technical Electrodes |
2.2.2.1. |
Electrocatalytically Activated Dimensionally Stable Chlorine Evolving Electrodes |
2.2.2.2. |
Oxygen Evolving Anodes |
2.2.2.3. |
Electrocatalysis of Cathodic Hydrogen Evolution |
2.2.2.4. |
Electrocatalysis of Cathodic Oxygen Reduction and Anodic Hydrogen Oxidation in Fuel Cells |
2.3. |
Gas-Evolving Electrodes |
2.4. |
Ionic Conduction in Electrolytes |
2.5. |
Fluid Dynamics and Mass Transfer |
3. |
Electrochemical Cells |
3.1. |
Optimized Current Density |
3.2. |
Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Current Distributions |
3.3. |
Electrochemical Nanostructuring with a Scanning Tunneling Microscope |
4. |
Inorganic Electrochemical Processes |
4.1. |
Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis |
4.1.1. |
Molten Salt Electrolysis |
4.1.2. |
Production of Chlorine |
4.1.3. |
Electrosynthesis of Hypochlorite |
4.1.4. |
Electrosynthesis of Chlorate |
4.1.5. |
Electrosynthesis of Perchlorate |
4.2. |
Water Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production |
4.3. |
Anodic Generation of Peroxodisulfuric Acid and Peroxodisulfates |
4.4. |
Electrowinning and Electrorefining of Metals |
4.4.1. |
Aqueous Electrolytes |
4.4.2. |
Melts |
4.5. |
Electrochemical Processes in Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing |
4.5.1. |
Electroredox Separation Processes |
4.5.2. |
Electroreduction Processes |
4.5.3. |
Electrooxidation |
4.5.4. |
Corrosion |
4.6. |
Electrochemical Water and Effluent Treatment |
4.6.1. |
Cathodic Treatment |
4.6.1.1. |
Optimization of Cell Design |
4.6.1.2. |
Electrochemical Reactors and Their Applications |
4.6.1.3. |
Operation Data of Electrochemical Cells |
4.6.2. |
Electrodialysis |
4.6.3. |
Anodic Treatment |
4.6.3.1. |
Direct Oxidation at the Anode |
4.6.3.2. |
Indirect Oxidation |
4.7. |
Electrochemical Gas Purification |
4.7.1. |
General Aspects |
4.7.2. |
New Process Developments |
4.8. |
Electrochemical Shaping |
5. |
Organic Electrochemistry |
5.1. |
Introduction |
5.2. |
Perspectives of Electroorganic Reactions in Industry |
5.3. |
Syntheses |
5.3.1. |
Direct vs. Indirect or Mediated Electrochemical Reactions |
5.3.2. |
Technically Important Processes Ordered by Reaction Classes |
5.3.2.1. |
Electrochemical Substitution |
5.3.2.2. |
Electrochemical Addition |
5.3.2.3. |
Electrochemical Transformations of Functional Groups |
5.3.2.4. |
Electrochemical Cleavage and Elimination |
5.3.2.5. |
Electrochemical Coupling |
5.3.2.6. |
Bioelectrosynthesis |
5.3.3. |
Organic Electrochemistry for a Cleaner Environment |
5.4. |
Experimental Factors and Techniques |
5.4.1. |
Solvent - Electrolyte Systems |
5.4.2. |
Electrodes |
5.4.2.1. |
Cathodes |
5.4.2.2. |
Anodes |
5.4.2.3. |
Other Factors Influenced by the Electrode Material |
5.4.3. |
Electrochemical Cells |
5.4.3.1. |
General Considerations |
5.4.3.2. |
Cell Design |
5.5. |
Economic Aspects |
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