Reforming—Heterogeneous
Bruno Dalla Costa,
María A. Peralta,
Carlos A. Querini,
Bruno Dalla Costa
INCAPE – Research Institute on Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Santa Fe, Argentina
Search for more papers by this authorMaría A. Peralta
INCAPE – Research Institute on Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Santa Fe, Argentina
Search for more papers by this authorCarlos A. Querini
INCAPE – Research Institute on Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Santa Fe, Argentina
Search for more papers by this authorBruno Dalla Costa,
María A. Peralta,
Carlos A. Querini,
Bruno Dalla Costa
INCAPE – Research Institute on Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Santa Fe, Argentina
Search for more papers by this authorMaría A. Peralta
INCAPE – Research Institute on Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Santa Fe, Argentina
Search for more papers by this authorCarlos A. Querini
INCAPE – Research Institute on Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Santa Fe, Argentina
Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 15 September 2010
Abstract
In this article, the fundamental aspects of the catalytic naphtha reforming process are presented. The more important reactions that take place in a reforming reactor are discussed in detail. The discussion includes the analyses of the reaction mechanisms, the kinetics, and the thermodynamic as well as the effect that the reaction has on the product quality, as indicated by the research octane number and the Reid vapor pressure. Reforming catalyst preparation is also presented. The most important bimetallic catalysts, such as platinum–rhenium, platinum–tin., platinum–iridium, and platinum–germanium are compared. The particular features of the preparation of each of these catalysts are included in this article. The influence of catalyst composition, feed composition, operational variables (temperature, pressure, hydrogen to hydrocarbon ratio) on catalyst deactivation is addressed. Also, the effects that different poisons (metals, sulfur, basic compounds) have on catalyst activity and regenerability are briefly reviewed. Finally, the general procedure for catalyst regeneration is presented.
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