Dietary modifications play a major role in the management of diabetes mellitus. It is generally accepted that a high-carbohydrate, high-fiber, low-fat diet with calorie restrictions is the ideal diet. Among the South East Asian populations, as the composition of the prescribed diet is very similar to the usual diet, its acceptance and adherence by the diabetic subjects is fairly easy. Dietary prescription should aim to optimize both glycemia and plasma lipids to help prevent the long-term vascular and other diabetic complications. Meal planning with food items of low glycemic index with inclusion of plenty of fresh vegetables is advisable. Avoidance of obesity from childhood should be a long-term goal. Constant motivation through nutrition counseling and education in an appropriate way will help in achieving dietary targets. The younger generation should be given education regarding a healthy diet which will help reduce the occurrence of nutritional deficiencies and obesity, and delay or prevent the onset of diabetes.