No abstract is available for this article.
References
- 1 Doll, R. & Hill, A. B. (1950). Smoking and carcinoma of the lung: a preliminary report, British Medical Journal 2, 739–748.
- 2 Drews, C., Greenland, S. & Flanders, W. D. (1993). The use of restricted controls to prevent recall bias in case-control studies of reproductive outcomes, Annals of Epidemiology 3, 86–92.
- 3 Feinstein, A. L. (1979). Methodologic problems and standards in case-control research, Journal of Chronic Diseases 32, 35–41.
- 4 Forsyth, B. W., Horwitz, R. I., Acampora, D., Shapiro, E. D., Viscoli, C. M., Feinstein, A. R., Henner, R., Holabird, N. B., Jones, B. A., Karabelas, A. D. E., Kramer, M. S., Miclette, M. & Wells, J. (1989). New epidemiologic evidence confirming that bias does not explain the aspirin/Reye's syndrome association, Journal of the American Medical Association 262, 2517–2524.
- 5 Khoury, M. J., James, L. M. & Erickson, J. D. (1994). On the use of affected controls to address recall bias in case-control studies of birth defects, Teratology 49, 273–281.
- 6 Kopec, J. A. & Esdaile, J. M. (1990). Bias in case-control studies: a review, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 44, 179–186.
- 7 MacKenzie, S. G. & Lippman, A. (1989). An investigation of report bias in a case-control study of pregnancy outcome, American Journal of Epidemiology 129, 65–75.
- 8 Martinez-Frias, M. L. (1993). Interviewer bias and maternal bias, Teratology 47, 531–532.
- 9 Sackett, D. L. (1979). Bias in analytic research, Journal of Chronic Diseases 32, 51–63.
- 10 Schlesselman, J. J. (1982). Case-Control Studies: Design, Conduct, and Analysis. Oxford University Press, New York.
- 11 P. A. Schulte & F. P. Perera, eds (1993). Molecular Epidemiology: Principles and Practices. Oxford University Press, New York.
- 12 Smith, M. W. (1981). The case control or retrospective study in retrospect, Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 21, 269–274.
- 13 Sutton-Tyrrell, K. (1991). Assessing bias in case-control studies: proper selection of cases and controls, Stroke 22, 938–943.
- 14 Swan, S. H., Shaw, G. M. & Schulman, J. (1992). Reporting and selection bias in case-control studies of congenital malformations, Epidemiology 3, 356–363.
- 15 Weiss, N. S. (1994). Should we consider a subject's knowledge of the etiologic hypothesis in the analysis of case-control studies?, American Journal of Epidemiology 139, 247–249.
- 16 Werler, M. M., Pober, B. R., Nelson, K. & Holmes, L. B. (1989). Reporting accuracy among mothers of malformed and nonmalformed infants, American Journal of Epidemiology 129, 415–421.
- 17 Werler, M. M., Shapiro, S. & Mitchell, A. A. (1993). Periconceptional folic acid exposure and risk of occurrent neural tube defects. Journal of the American Medical Association 269, 1257–1261.
- 18 Wynder, E. L. (1994). Investigator bias and interviewer bias: the problem of reporting systematic error in epidemiology, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 47, 825–827.
