Volume 38, Issue 23 pp. 3440-3461
Review

Concomitant Polymorphs

Joel Bernstein

Joel Bernstein

Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel, Fax: (+972) 7-647-2943

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Roger J. Davey

Roger J. Davey

Department of Chemical Engineering, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, United Kingdom

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Jan-Olav Henck

Jan-Olav Henck

Institut für Pharmakognosie der Universität Innsbruck, Josef-Moeller-Haus, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria

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Abstract

The simultaneous appearance of polymorphs of a substance has long been recognized but rarely noted or systematically studied. This phenomenon can be useful in the investigation of solid materials and in understanding the relative crystal energetics of polymorphic materials. This review covers the thermodynamic and kinetic factors that govern competitive and concomitant polymorphic crystallization. One of the many examples surveyed is a cyanine/oxonol complex, for which different relative molecular orientations in two of the many reported polymorphs are shown.

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